Resources
Go deeper into the science of SEE with our collection of publications and research. More resources coming soon.
SEE Lens: Bringing Out the Best
How can we bring out the best in ourselves, and others? The SEE Framework can provide some insight. One of SEE’s key tenets, Meaningful Engagement, proposes that people need 1) to feel they make a difference, and 2) to foster a sense of belonging through relationships grounded in mutual trust and respect.
This essay by reDirect’s co-founder, Rachel Kaplan, looks at how each element of the SEE framework intersects with Meaningful Engagement and talks about the important roles that participation, feedback, and small experiments play.
This blog is a companion resource to the video titled “Bringing Out the Best.”
Take a minute to ponder some lesser things that annoy you. Does your list include any of these?
People (e.g., co-workers, your boss, family members) say they’ll do something, but don’t.
When people know you want to be left alone at some particular time, but interrupt.
People say, “I hear you,” but there’s no sign they are listening.
In fact, there are no signs that your existence makes much difference.
Alternatively, someone’s thoughtful efforts to show appreciation backfire because they were so poorly matched with your preferences.
It’s likely you have had such annoyances more than once, as well as many others that can dampen joy.
Now flip the scenario. Take a minute to ponder whether you have been the source:
The one who said you’d do something and didn’t follow through,
Who couldn’t resist interrupting,
Who “listened” without hearing what was said,
Ignored co-workers or others for whom even a smile would be a welcome greeting,
Or, the well-intentioned person who failed to really consider the recipient’s needs or preferences?
It’s likely you too have had such experiences more than once.
Our lives are embedded in inconsistencies. Unpredictability greets our hope for certainty, while more of the same beckons when change is what we crave. Without much awareness, we live in a world of asymmetries. Yes, we often violate the Golden Rule (Treat others as you would like to be treated). We want to “be heard” but don’t actively listen; we complain about “not being seen,” but don’t acknowledge when we are. Our sensitivity to our own hurts is much more fine-tuned than our awareness of others’ needs.
How the SEE Framework Fits In
Helping to bring out the best in others is both complex and rich in rewards, not only for those “others” but also for ourselves. Meaningful engagement, one of the three key tenets of the SEE (Supportive Environments for Effectiveness) framework, focuses on the importance of making a difference, building trust, and being respected—all germane components of fostering our common humanity. It’s easy enough to understand the words “meaningful” and “engagement,”; “doing it,” however, is more challenging. “Meaningful” is the hard part. It requires intentionality. It takes concerted attention.
We know from SEE’s Bandwidth tenet that attention is a precious, finite resource that demands effort, the very effort we are often reluctant to invest. The third SEE tenet, Understanding, is also integrally linked with engagement. To be useful, engagement requires understanding of the circumstances, or what SEE frames as environments, that comprise the situation at hand. These are likely to include time parameters (past, present, and future dimensions that impact any decision), social considerations, policies and practices, economic realities, and the physical space impacted by where the action takes place.
What then does SEE offer to make meaningful engagement more likely to happen? Two key approaches are participation and small experiments. Each can have its downsides, but the upsides far outweigh them. Each also has many variants, appropriate occasions, and broad applicability. And they play well with each other.
Participation
One effective way to make someone realize that they are making a difference is a compliment. It can easily convey that a person (or group) is valued, respected, noticed, and appreciated. Occasionally, paying a compliment opens the door for further conversation and exploration of mutual interest or concerns.
Even a simple “what do you think?” question can offer a chance for participation – with a cautionary addition. The “meaningful” dimension is lost if the effort is disingenuous. “What do you think” efforts are often packaged as surveys. Here the caveat is that effective surveys are not as straightforward as many assume. However, a great deal of helpful information about crafting surveys, sampling, and increasing the likelihood of responses is available. Perhaps less emphasized is the need to anticipate data management so it won’t be cumbersome or overwhelming, ultimately leading to abandoning the effort and violating the trust of those who honored the request for answers.
Feedback constitutes another major category of participatory opportunities. For these too, especially in the organizational context, there is a wealth of information, including so many acronyms for feedback models (e.g., SBI, STAR, EEC, IDEA, DESC, CEDAR, and BOOST) that a super-acronym might help sort them out. Feedback is often institutionalized in the form of performance reviews, typically embedded in a hierarchical structure and sought in a top-down direction (i.e., “superior” to “subordinate”). A uni-directional approach and hierarchical structure, however, seems antithetical to bringing out the best in all participants; meaningful engagement is more likely for both the givers and recipients if feedback is shared in all directions – “up,” “down,” and “sideways.”
A subtext throughout this cursory discussion of participation is that there is no failsafe magical wand that guarantees desired outcomes. Perhaps some sophisticated apps (e.g., project management and collaboration tools) have magical powers. It’s more likely that real people in real time with variable tolerance for frustration and experience need to help with damage control – in other words, be meaningfully engaged. Such situations, including making collaborations workable and beneficial, are ideal for small experiments!
Small Experiments
Why don’t our well-intended efforts work? Why did that feedback backfire? Why did people skip many questions on a survey? Why is meaningful engagement so challenging? Why didn’t anyone read that blog… or did they?
Why not try to figure out answers to such questions? Small experiments are intended to do that, with this caveat: the answers won’t be definitive. The truth is that definitive answers are illusive; not seeking answers, however, is not more definitive! What makes small experiments “experiments,” is that they seek answers, enhancing our understanding of a specific quest. The reason to keep them small is to resist overwhelm. So, there is a delicate balance between pursuing our curiosity, and utter frustration. If all goes well, the process will be sufficiently useful … and enjoyable … to sustain curiosity and desire to tackle the next question.
A Few Small Experiments by Past Grantees
While small experiments can be solo activities, they offer a strong tool for participatory situations. reDirect’s SEE Learning Cohorts have effectively carried out small experiments with several dozen nonprofits. The applications have spanned topics including:
Improving communication and strengthening connections among dedicated volunteers
Organization: Wheelchair Ramp Accessibility Program (WRAP)
Helping staff feel more connected and supported through formalized working groups
The Community Resource Center
Organization: Habitat for Humanity of Metro Denver
Bringing Out the Best: Fostering Our Common Humanity Through Meaningful Engagement
Why is the Golden Rule so hard to follow? How is it relevant to our work and accomplishing our goals?
We dive into these questions as we explore the concept of Meaningful Engagement, which proposes that people need 1) to feel they make a difference, and 2) to foster a sense of belonging through relationships grounded in mutual trust and respect. It's one of the three key tenets of the Supportive Environments for Effectiveness (SEE) framework.
December 10th, 2025.
Small Experiments - Cultivating a Mindset
Overwhelmed by big challenges at your nonprofit? There's a better way to tackle them than starting a new massive overhaul of processes every 6 weeks. reDirect's Small Experiments approach offers manageable changes that help you learn and adapt—low risk, quick to implement, and focused on learning rather than perfection. The process is simple, and replicable. Take a look at this video to learn more about how your organization can benefit from implementing a Small Experiment Mindset™.
October 16th, 2025.
Environments Matter: Change Your Environment, Change Your Results
What if the reason you’re stuck isn’t a lack of discipline, but the spaces you live in? Anne Kearney’s experience shows how subtle cues, community habits, and everyday setups can either push you toward your goals or quietly steer you off track. Check out this video to learn about the invisible forces shaping your daily life choices.
August 13th, 2025.
The Small Experiment: Achieving More With Less
What makes a ‘small experiment’ small? How does it differ from more traditional, research experiments? Rachel Kaplan explores these ideas in her 1996 paper, prepared for EDRA (the Environmental Design Research Association).
January 15, 1996
SEE Differently: Improve Your Volunteer Program
SEE Coaches Traci Lato-Smith and Kayla Paulson join Nicole R. Smith on her podcast, From the Suggestion Box, to discuss their experience with the SEE framework, volunteer programs, nonprofit operations, and more. Click the link below to listen on Spotify.
May 26, 2023.
What is “SEE”?
Do you ever feel unproductive or burned-out, or struggle to keep up with endless meetings, messages, and emails? The Supportive Environments for Effectiveness (SEE) framework proposes that our environments have a powerful impact on our behavior, and can either hinder or support our success. Rather than focusing on personal shortcomings, SEE helps us identify environmental challenges and design solutions that better support our needs.
April 18, 2023.
The Expertise Dilemma
How can we overcome the challenges that arise when communicating complex information between experts and non-experts? Watch this video for three lessons on how SEE can help you address these barriers in your own everyday interactions.
April 18, 2023.
Your Brain on Birdsongs
Environmental psychologist and reDirect board member Avik Basu shares insights on the SEE framework and Attention Restoration Theory (ART) as a guest speaker on the podcast The Bird Who Made Me Happy. Listen to the full episode (Your Brain on Birdsongs) to learn more about why our attention fatigues, and how nature can help.
December 20, 2022.
Shared Understanding
How might differences in our mental models influence our ability to communicate with one another? Watch the full video to learn about tips that can help you effectively communicate to reach a point of shared understanding.
December 21, 2022.
SEE Overview
A short handout developed by reDirect’s Lisa Bardwell that gives a high-level overview of the SEE framework and questions we can ask ourselves to better leverage it.
November 30th, 2022.
reDirect’s Grant Programs: Learning With Our Partners
Check out this video to learn more about reDirect's grant programs. Listen as our partners share their SEE journey, the particular challenges and environments they tackled under the program, and what they found to be most impactful about the framework.
October 4, 2022.
What’s an Environment, Anyway?
Have you ever wondered what actually makes up an 'environment' and why our environments play such an important role in shaping our day-to-day experiences? Check out this video to learn more.
December 10, 2021.
Building Supportive Online Environments
In an increasingly digital world, more and more people are working, learning, or teaching online. Here are three steps you could take to create more supportive online environments, based on the Supportive Environments for Effectiveness (SEE) framework.
December 10, 2021.
Addressing Mental Fatigue
A brief presentation on Attention Restoration Theory by William Sullivan and Rachel Kaplan.
June 24, 2021.
Finding Focus: Tips for Combatting Fatigue, Distractions, and Burnout
Conventional wisdom tells us that we need to work for as long and as hard as possible to do a good job, but research on attention demonstrates that we are actually far less effective when we try to work in long stretches or do too many things at once. This video features changes that you can make to your environment to help reduce fatigue and burnout.
June 10, 2021.
Fostering Reasonableness: Supportive Environments for Bringing Out Our Best
To explore how SEE might apply to a wide variety of contexts, check out our book (available free to read online).
April 15, 2015.
Creating supportive environments to foster reasonableness and achieve sustainable well-being
An exploration of how supportive environments might improve well-being, written by Avik Basu, Rachel Kaplan and Stephen Kaplan. This is a chapter from the book Well-Being and Beyond: Broadening the Public and Policy Discourse.
May 28, 2014.
Bringing Out the Best in People: A Psychological Perspective
This classic Kaplan & Kaplan paper explores how a psychological perspective on bringing out the best in people could support conservation efforts.
August 22, 2008.
A Brief Guide to RPM (Now SEE)
Rachel & Stephen Kaplan describe Supportive Environments for Effectiveness for those new to the topic.
September 2, 2006.